PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a condition in which the ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgens, male sex hormones, that are usually present in women in small amounts. 

As the name describes, numerous small cysts (fluid-filled sacs) form in the ovaries. The exact cause of PCOS is unclear. Many females with PCOS have insulin resistance. 

This means that the body can’t use insulin well. Insulin levels build up in the body and may cause higher androgen levels. Obesity can also increase insulin levels and make PCOS symptoms worse.